Building construction.



e. ROSENLBAR. BUILDING GONSTRUGTIOH APPLICATION IILED 28, 1911. RENEWED HEPT. 19. "12.

Patented Jan. 20, 191 1 a mania-sunn- 1.

. k V c a G. ROSENLEAF.

Patented Jan. 20, 1914 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

BUILDING c'ousmupuon. APPLIO ATIOH FILED APR. 28, 1911. BEMJWED 831N219. 1912. 1,084,967.

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1 A A 2 Q G. ROSBNLBAP.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Arrm'onlon FILED APR. 28. 1911. v RENEWED sum. 19. m2.

1,084,967. v Patented Jan. 20, 1914,

, s sums-sum a.

X .1 x5 I III/II/I/I/IIII/I WITNESSES the said pier. Fig. 7 is a plan of a wall con- UNITED srArns rngrnnr OFFICE.

GUSTAF ROSENLEAF, OF GRAND FORKS, N ORTH DAKOTA.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

1 84.36 7. Specification of letters Patent PatentedJan. 20, 1914. Application-filed April 28, 1911, Serial No. 623,977. Renewed September 19, 1912. Serial No 721,326.

' core or cores E, of wood, asbestos or other sultable material, designed to form an air space.

F F are transverse tie rods of metal, disposed in the mortar layers C and connected to the fiber blocks .13.

is a layer of plaster that is preferably, though not necessarily employedat the in-- nor s1 de of the wall. 5

1s a plastic veneering, preferably of monolithic concrete, employed at the outer or weather side of the wall, and I is a metallic reinforcement of suitable reticulated metallic material, interposed between the veneermg H and the opposed sides of the blocks -B, etc., and tied to the rods F and having for its office to hold the veneering H- to the remainder of the wall and at the same time reinforce and strengthen the veneering.

I would here have it understood that the salient feature of my invention resides in the novel combination of the fiber blocks and plastic piers having therein which aflord desirable air spaces; the said novel combination being advantageous in that it is cheap and strong and capable of affording considerable resistance to fire, frost and moisture.

The construction shown in Figs. 1 to 3, with the exception of the metallic reinforcement I, is designed for embodiment in buildings of moderate size and good quality, and in the production of the same the base A and the blocks B are laid as shown, and the cores E are placed in the spaces reserved between the blocks B for the concrete or plastic piers D Then as the wall is to be veneered at both sides, spacer clamps (not shown) are clamped over the blocks, and forms such as shown in Fig. 3 are fastened, after which concrete or other suitable plastic material is poured into the forms so that the pier portions and the veneers will molded at the same time. After each 1101' z ontal course of blocks is laid, tie rods F are placed on the blocks B and core E to hold the veneers together; the said tie rods F being connected at their ends, when deemed expedient, to upright. metallic reinforcing rods shown) embedded in the veneers. This mode of operation repeated until the wall is carried up a distance corresponding to the suitable mortar interheight of the first story. For larger and first class buildings in whlch the reinforce- I ment I will be employed, the blocks B and manner before 2"0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gusrar Rosnnnrnr, citizen of the United States, residing at Grand Forks, in the county of Grand Forks and State of North Dakota, have invented new and useful Improvements in Building Construction, of which the following is a specification. 1

.1 ly present invention pertains to building construction, and has for its object to provide a cheap and strong building construction calculated to offer considerable resistance to fire, frost and moisture.

To the attainment of said object the invention consists in the novel combination and adaptation of parts hereinafter described and particularly defined in the claims appended.

In the accompanying drawings which are hereby made a part hereof: l lgure 1 is a perspective with parts broken away illustrating so much of a wall as is necessary to illustrate the-embodiment of my invention used in forming the walls of large buildings. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same, taken through the pier and'the hollow core therein. Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken through the wall in a plane at one side of the pier. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modification designed to form a wall of a small building. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section taken in the plane of the pier portion of said wall. Fig. 6 is-an enlarged detail perspective of the hollow core employed in stitliting another embodiment of my invention. Figs. 8 and 9 are transverse sections of same, taken in the planes indicated by the lines S-S and 9-9, respectively, of Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a vertical section taken through the small cores in a plane at right angles to Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a detail perspective illustrating the relative arrangement of the large trough-like cores.

Referring by letter to said drawings, and more particularly to'Figs. 1-3 thereof: A is a base formed of bricks laid in the usual manner or of any other material compatible with the purposes of my invention.

B B are fiber blocks-i. blocks of pressed flax or other straw or other suitable fibrous material.

C C are'layers of posed between the horizontal layers.

l is a pier of concrete or other suit-able I plastic material, having therein a hollow 1 cores E are placed in the hollow cores 4 described, and -boards, (not shown) are clamped on the sides of the blocks B to hold the concrete for pillarssuch a's-D. The said and tie rods Rare laid, with mortar, preferably cement mortar, between the blocks B, and the blocks and pillars are formed up to a height of saythree or four feet. Then the heavy reticulated material I is tied to the ends of the tie rods, and an outside form (not shown) is also tied' to said tie rods and a spacer is interposedbetween the blocks and the orm,-after which concrete or plastic ma- .terial is poured to ,form the veneer H, and

the reticulated material I is pulled outward so as to embed it in the con crete or plastic material of said veneer H and enable it to} better reinforce and hold the same. I

The construction shown in Figs. 4-to 6, be

1 mg for small buildings, comprises the base A, fiber blocks B, mortar C, concrete or plasetic ier D and a hollow core E in said pier. In Forming the said construction boards are clamped on both sides of the block wall-over the pier space, concrete is then poured to form the pier to the height of the blocks, and a tie rod is placed on top of the core E. This process scontinued up to the height of the first sto y. a The sides of the said wall may, if desiredybeIplastered.

Figs; 1,8 and 4, fiber blocks Bare shown as arranged side by side, but it isQobployed. a

vious that without involving departure from the scope of my invention, single blocks of a thickness equal to the combined thick messes-0f the side by side blocks may be em- I In both of the embodiments thus far describedin detail, the upper endsof the cores E are'lpreferably, though not necessarily, 0ccupied by plugs-15?, Figs. 2 and 5, this with view to preventing dropping of mortar or concrete into the cores.

The modification shown in Figs. 7 to 11' comprises upright spaced cores E, of even size throughout their height and formed of wood, asbestos or other suitable material;-

comparatively large upright cores M, of even size throughout their height and formed of wood, asbestos or other suitable material; an outer layer G of suitable concrete; an innor layer H, or suitable concrete; and transverse tie-nods F, of metal, the'end portions of which are anchored or cast in the concrete layers to hold the same together.

The comparatively narrow cores E are arranged in vertical series, and upon the upper end of each core E ad lutween the same and the next upper, core E I arrange one of I would also-haveit underdeemed necessary tic-rods and vbetween the sa'meand the next upper core M: The cores M are wider and longer preferablyl l I than the cores E in about the proportion shown, and each is provided with a bottom, p l s des and ends, and hencc is trough-like in concrete is then poured in the pillar space character. From this it follows that inciand into the concrete layers to assist the latter in hardening and setting. Then when the water leaves the trough-like cores M, the

air spaces within said wall contribute ihaterially to the capacity of the wall as a nonconductor of heat. Moreover the cores M as well as the 'cores E a whole quite strong and durable. 1 I prefer to utilize the trough-like. cores M to hold water for the purpose stated, but

do not wish to confine myself to such utili Z21lIl0Il, inasmuch as when a building is erected in accordance with my invention during cold weather or at the approach of the cold season, water is liable to freeze and it is? therefore'decmed inexpedient to place it in the cores M.

, -Whcn a building constructed in accordoccupied I ance with my invention is to be promptly after its completion, it isdesirable when water is used inthe trough-like cores M, to enable said water .to pass to the (inter concrete layer G, for the purpose before stated, while preventing the passage of such water to the inner concrete layer H where it would be liable to render the interior of the building damp for an indefinite period. Therefore in some cases I provide the inner, bottom and end walls of the trough-like cores M with a water-proof coating N, as. Y .105

shown in Figs. 7 and 8; the outer walls alone or together with the outer; portions of the end walls being left uncoated for the percolation or passage of water to the outer concrete layer G alone.

In the constructioniof the embodiment shown in Figs. 7' to 10. the cores. E and M, and the tie-rods F are placed as stated,-and then with the aid of suitable i'orms or re taiiiers (not shown), the portions F, of

concrete, at opposite sides of the cores E are constructed, either in the first instance, or, if preferred. at the same time that the layers G and 'H are constructed.

reinforce and strengthen the wall and render the same as For the purpose of lending increased strength to the outer concrete layer G of the wall shown in Figs. 7 to 9, I prefer to provide the same at suitable intervalsf in its length with upright exterior piers of concrete or other suitable plastic mate rial; the said piers each having an upri ht nection of the adjacent transverse 't ie-rod thatis extended into the-exterior pier. One of the said exterior pie'rs is shown in Figs. 7 and 9, and lettered M the nprightine- H25 metallic reinforcing rod therein for the nthe purpose of my invention. I would also I the cores or core sections E of the embodicores E may be nailed together and the tallic rod in said pier being lettered M and being connected to the ad acent tie-rod F, which is extended into the pier M as shown. The pier M may be formed at-any time, though I prefer to form it after the completion ofthe layer G'-, employing in the said formation any means compatible with have it here understood that the use of exterior iers such as M is not restricted to the em odiment shown .in Figs. 7 and 11'; the said piers M being adapted to be. used to advantageon the embodiment shown in Figs. 1-3, and also on the embodimentshown in Figs. -t and 5.

.By' reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen that ments in Figs. 1-6 have their end portions lapped with a view to permitting of one core or section being nailed to the adjacent core or section and secured in position so -as to lend increased stren' h to the wall as a whole. In the embo iment shown in Figs. 7-11, the cores E have their .end portions lapped as have also the cores M so that the cores M may likewise be secured together, and this notwithstanding neither the cores E or thecores M are-tapered, but on the other hand are of even size throughout their hei hts. The end stated isat-tained by exten ing the end walls a of the cores or core sections E below the side wallsb thereof, Figs. 9 and 10, and by extending the end walls a "of the cor'esor core sections M below the side walls d of said cores M- as appears in Figs. 8 and 11. In either case the side walls of one core may manifestly be expeditiously and easily nailed to the end walls of the adjacent core. It will also be understood that in the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 6, as well as in the embodiment shown in Figs. 7 to 11, each core serves to hold the ad acent core in position and to reinforce the same, this because of the engagement between the meeting ends of the cores. I would further have it understood that when desired cores E such as shown in- Figs. 7, 9 and 10', may be used in the embodiments shown in Figs. 1-5, in lieu of the cores E, without involving departure from the scope of my claimed invention.

In Figs. 2 and 6, and also in Figs. 9 and 10, ends of the cores are shown as notched for the reception and passage of the transverse tie-rods.

In all of the embodiments of my invention. I would hawe it understood that the thickness of the plaster veneers or the layers of concrete may be varied to suit. different conditions, and that in the. embodiment shown in Figs. 7, Sand 9,.veneers G and H l and the reticulated metal I may be employed i or omitted in the discretion of the contrac- E tor, without affecting my claimed invention. i

In all of the embodiments of my invention, I prefer to make the cores adjacent window and door openings of some suitable fireproof material, this in order to contribute to the fire-proof quality of the wall as a whole.

At the completion of the wall port-ionfor each story of a building, a reinforced girder of concrete is molded on said portion, this to bind the walls together and for the connection of-the floors. The said girder, however, does not form part of-my invention, and since its construction and use is well known in the art, I have deemed it unnecessary to illustrate the same.

My invention resides in the construction and not in the mode of producing the same. and fromthis it follows that the erection of the construction may be carried out. in any manner other than the modes described without involving departurefrom the scope of my claimed invention.

Having describ d my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:

1. A Wall construction comprising a pier of plastic material, a hollow upright core arranged in said pier; said core being coniosed o'f superposed hollow; sections the meetng ends of which are interlocked and which are'provided with notches extending from tallic tie rods extending through said notches of the core sections and resting in the pier,

and suitable wall portions between which the pier and its inclosed core are arranged.

2. In a wall construction, a pier of plastic material, a core arranged in said pier; said core being composed of superposed hollow sections the meeting ends of which are in terlocked and which are provided in the ends of their side walls with notches, tie-rods tending transversely of the pier and through the said notches, plastic layers applied to said pier, superposed trouglrlike cores, of greater width than the core in the pier, arranged at opposite sides of the pier and having their meeting ends interlocked, an, upright exterior pier ofplastie material applied to the outer plastic layer, and an upright metallic reinforcing rod arranged in said exterior pier and connected with the outer ends of the said tie-rods. I

3. A wall construction comprising troughlike cores arranged in spaced relation and in horizontal courses on a suitable foundation, a pier of plastic material disposed in the space between the trough-like cores, a hollow core arranged in said pier and affordin an air space, transverse tie-rods arrange on said core and pier, a reticulated metallic reinforcement connected to said tie-rods, and

' inner and outer plastic veneers connected to 4, A well construction comprising trough:

like cores arranged in spaced relation and in horizontalcourseson a-fonndation, a pier of plastic concrete disposed in the space he- .5 tween said cores, a hollow corearranged in said pier and affording an air space, plastic ,layersitpplied to said pier, a metallic tie rod extending transversely 'ofl he pier and the core therein and having its inner end =10 secured in'the inner plastic layer, an up right exterior pier 'ofplastic material applied to the outer: plastic layer, and an upright metallic reinforcing rod arranged Ill said exterior pier and connected with. the lo -outer end of said t1e-r0d..

59A 'wall construction comprising large upright hollow cores, a small hollow core, a. concrete pier-containing the latter, and reinforeed concrete veneers10n opposite sides 2 of saidilarge cores and pier; the said large hollow cores being arranged 1n spacedrelatio na base helowsaid c'ores, a pier of plastic concrete disposed on the base and 1n. the

- space bet-ween the largecores, a hollow corearranged in said] pier and affording-an airspace, transverse metallic tie-rods arranged at a suitable distance through the hollow Core to the plastic concrete in'pier, a reticulated metallic reinforcement connected to said tie-rods, inner'and outer plastic veneers connected to said tie-rods and the reticulated reinforcemenh 6. AWall construction comprising hollow trough-like cores, piers containing hollow cores located at opposite ends of the trough like cores, plastic concrete arranged at opposite sides of said cores and piers; the said trough-like cores having the capacity to hold water and allow the same to escape and thus give sullicien't moisture for the proper setting-of the concrete. e

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set in hand in )resence of two snbscribin wit i sTAr ROSENLEAF. Witnesses N. C. HEALY, 1 T. E. -Tonm1a.

TIESSQS. 

